Ophthalmology Question Bank

Read the Ophthalmology Question Bank sample questions

1. 1.HTN pt. with decrease vision, fundal exam showed increase cupping of optic disc dx:

   • A.Open angle glaucomaCorrect
   • B.Closed angle glaucoma
   • C.Cataract d. HTN changes
   • D.None

   Why: Chronically raised intraocular pressure in open-angle glaucoma damages the optic nerve, producing the characteristic increased optic-disc cupping seen on fundoscopy. It is typically painless and asymptomatic until vision is lost, which fits this hypertensive patient with progressive disc cupping. Closed-angle glaucoma presents acutely with pain and a red eye, not chronic cupping.

2. 2.27 years old with DM 2 she already wears glasses u will follow up her after :

   • A.6 monthsCorrect
   • B.12 months
   • C.9 months
   • D.None

   Why: A young patient with type 2 diabetes should have a dilated retinal examination at diagnosis and then be followed regularly. Tight follow-up (around every 6 months when she already wears glasses / has refractive change) allows early detection of diabetic retinopathy. Annual screening is the minimum standard, but closer follow-up is appropriate here.

3. 3.Contraindicated in acute glaucoma management:

   • A.Pilocarpine
   • B.Timolol
   • C.B-blockers, CA inhibitors, NSAID, MannitolCorrect
   • D.Diprovin

   Why: Pilocarpine, beta-blockers (timolol), carbonic anhydrase inhibitors and osmotic agents (mannitol) are all used to lower pressure in acute glaucoma. The option grouping these standard agents as 'contraindicated' is the distractor; in practice mydriatics/anticholinergics are what is contraindicated because they dilate the pupil and worsen angle closure.

4. 4.Child came to ophthalmology clinic did cover test, during eye cover , his left eye move spontaneously to left, the most complication is

   • A.StrabismusCorrect
   • B.Glaucoma
   • C.Myobloma
   • D.All of the above

   Why: On the cover test, an eye that moves to take up fixation when the other is covered indicates a latent or manifest squint (strabismus). Untreated childhood strabismus leads to amblyopia, so strabismus is the principal concern and complication here.

5. 5.HTN pt. with decrease vision, fundal exam showed increase cupping of optic disc dx:

   • A.Open angle glaucomaCorrect
   • B.Closed angle glaucoma
   • C.Cataract d. HTN changes
   • D.All of the above

   Why: Painless progressive optic-disc cupping with reduced vision in a hypertensive patient is open-angle glaucoma, caused by chronic raised intraocular pressure damaging the optic nerve. Closed-angle glaucoma is acute and painful, and cataract/hypertensive changes do not cause disc cupping.

6. 6.pt c/o pain when moving the eye, fundoscopy is normal:

   • A.Optic neuritisCorrect
   • B.Papilledema
   • C.Both A and B
   • D.None

   Why: Pain on eye movement with a normal-looking fundus is classic for retrobulbar optic neuritis, where the inflammation is behind the globe so the disc appears normal. Papilledema causes a swollen disc visible on fundoscopy and is usually painless, which excludes it here.

7. 7.Child came to ophthalmology clinic did cover test, during eye cover, his left eye move spontaneously to left, the most complication is:

   • A.StrabismusCorrect
   • B.Glaucoma
   • C.Myobloma
   • D.All of the above

   Why: Spontaneous movement of the covered/uncovered eye on cover testing indicates strabismus. The major long-term complication of uncorrected childhood strabismus is amblyopia (loss of vision in the deviating eye), so strabismus is the key answer.

8. 8.Patient came to you with small swelling under his eye , on examination he have inflammation in lacrimal duct , you refer him to ophthalmologist before that what you will give him ?

   • A.Topical steroid
   • B.Topical antibiotic
   • C.General antibioticCorrect
   • D.All of the above

   Why: Inflammation of the lacrimal sac/duct (dacryocystitis) is a bacterial infection and requires systemic (oral) antibiotics before referral. Topical agents do not adequately treat the infection within the sac, so a general/systemic antibiotic is the correct initial measure.

9. 9.Patient with ptosis, which nerve is affected?

   • A.3rd cranial nerve "oculomotor nerveâ€Correct
   • B.USG
   • C.Both A and B
   • D.None

   Why: Ptosis (drooping of the upper eyelid) with involvement of levator function points to a third (oculomotor) cranial nerve lesion, since CN III innervates levator palpebrae superioris. The other options are not nerves.

10. 10.Infant born with hemangioma on the right eyelid what is appropriate time to operate to prevent amylopia:

    • A.1 day
    • B.1 weekCorrect
    • C.3 months
    • D.9 months

    Why: A periorbital capillary hemangioma can obscure the visual axis or induce astigmatism and cause deprivation amblyopia in infancy. Because the visual system is most plastic in the first weeks of life, early intervention (within about a week) is needed to prevent irreversible amblyopia.