Pediatrics Question Bank

Read the Pediatrics Question Bank sample questions

1. 1.A patient's serum SMA 6 result reveals Na 136, Cl 104, K 4.0, BUN 21, creatinine 0.9, and glucose 90. What is the serum osmolality?

   • A.270
   • B.280
   • C.284Correct
   • D.310

   Why: 284

2. 2.The term DKA (diabetic keto acidosis) means all of the following except:

   • A.Serum glucose is more than 300 mg/dL
   • B.Absence of ketone in the urineCorrect
   • C.pH less than 7.30
   • D.Bicarbonate less than 15 mEq/L

   Why: Absence of ketone in the urine

3. 3.Human beta cells can be in infected by all of the following organisms except:

   • A.Coxsackievirus
   • B.Group B streptococcus (GBS)Correct
   • C.Mumps
   • D.Rubella

   Why: Group B streptococcus (GBS)

4. 4.The first abnormality noted in iron deficiency anemia is:

   • A.Reduced iron stores in tissue (hemosiderin in bone marrow disappear)Correct
   • B.Reduced serum ferritin
   • C.Reduced serum iron and increased TIBC (total iron-binding capacity)
   • D.Decreased MCH & MCV

   Why: Reduced iron stores in tissue (hemosiderin in bone marrow disappear)

5. 5.A 3.9 kg newborn appears with cyanosis at 2 hours of age, cyanosis progressively gets worse, also dyspnea. An examination reveals lower extremities are less cyanotic than upper extremities, hyperactive precordium, either no murmur or PDA murmur of grade 3/6, 2nd heart sound single and loud, or occasionally it may be split. Chest X-ray reveals mild cardiomegaly, normal or increased pulmonary flow, narrow mediastinum. ABG reveals Pao2 15 to 30, pH 7.30, Pco2 35, O2 saturation 30 to 70%, base deficit – 15.0. Pao2 increases slightly after hyperoxia test (i.e., 100% oxygen). EKG reveals biventricular hypertrophy. Newborn was intubated and placed on mechanical ventilator. PGE1 and NaHCO3 are given. Baby's oxygen saturation improved up to 85 to 90%. Next appropriate step in management:

   • A.Fontan procedure
   • B.Blalock-Taussig shunt
   • C.Rashkind balloon atrial septostomyCorrect
   • D.Norwood operation

   Why: Rashkind balloon atrial septostomy

6. 6.The following congenital infection is associated with diabetes (type 1) in later life:

   • A.Coxsackie B 3
   • B.Coxsackie B 4
   • C.RubellaCorrect
   • D.CMV

   Why: Rubella

7. 7.A 10-year-old boy appears with history of purulent discharge from the left ear for the last 5 days. Past medical history reveals that a tympanostomy tube was placed in his left ear 12 months ago due to recurrent purulent left otitis media. The child is afebrile. He denies any history of headache, dizziness, and vomiting. He likes to swim. He is doing well in school. Physical examination reveals purulent yellowish discharge from the left ear through tympanostomy tube. The most common organism responsible for discharge through tympanostomy tube is:

   • A.Staphylococcus aurius
   • B.Streptococcus pneumoniaeCorrect
   • C.Staphylococcus epidermidis
   • D.Pseudomonas aeruginosa

   Why: Streptococcus pneumoniae

8. 8.A 3.5 kg baby who is full term, AGA (appropriate of gestational age) was born by NSVD with a Apgar score 7 at 1 minute and 8 at 5 minutes. The child developed mild respiratory distress and placed under oxyhood with 40% oxygen. Chest X-ray reveals TTNB (transient tachypnea of newborn). Lung fluid is absorbed after birth mostly by:

   • A.Lymphatics
   • B.Superior vena cava
   • C.Pulmonary circulationCorrect
   • D.Inferior vena cava

   Why: Pulmonary circulation

9. 9.A boy is affected with a genetically transmitted disease. He has one brother who is not affected. He has two sisters, one is affected and other is not affected. His father is normal but the mother has the disease. His mother's sisters (aunt) are all affected but the mother's brothers are not affected. His father's siblings are not affected. His maternal grandfather was affected but maternal grandmother was normal. The disease is most likely transmitted:

   • A.X-linked recessive
   • B.X-linked dominantCorrect
   • C.Autosomal dominant
   • D.Autosomal recessive

   Why: X-linked dominant

10. 10.A postmature newborn was admitted to NICU with tachypnea. The newborn was delivered by NSVD with Apgar scores of 9 and 9 at 1 minute and 5 minutes respectively. A chest X-ray revealed normal findings. Complete blood count (CBC) revealed central hematocrit 72 with mild thromocytopenia but the rest of the result was within normal limit. Partial exchange transfusion was performed with normal saline through umbilical vein. This procedure may reduce the following problems except

    • A.Speech deficits
    • B.Decreased IQ and school problems
    • C.NEC (necrotizing enterocolitis) and feeding problemCorrect
    • D.Other neurologic abnormalities

    Why: NEC (necrotizing enterocolitis) and feeding problem